Colonoscopy is the method that with endo-light explores in the real image, the anal area, the rectum and the sigmoid, with the ability to check the area by descending, transverse and ascending the colon.
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With colonoscopy the colon lesions can be identified. Usually this exploration will be done if blood is found in the stool or if the person has persistent intestinal transit disorders such as constipation, diarrhea and especially alternating between constipation and diarrhea.

The colonoscopy procedure lasts an average of 15-20 minutes, but that time is varying significantly depending on the individual conformation of the colon and the presence or absence in his medical past of a surgery in the abdomen. During this examination a biopsy can be taken if there are injuries that require this. Biopsy sampling is done only with the consent of the patient. In most cases, an average of eight cases out of ten, the procedure is painless. However in the cases in which the patient has pain, drugs can be administrated.



The patient preparation for colonoscopy usually begins the day before exploration. Preparation requires a fasting period which varies depending on the time that will be exploring. An average fasting period should be about 20-24 hours. Also, in the meantime, preparation involves ingestion of a solution to clean the intestine, in order to have an optimal visibility for the examination.

After the procedure you will have some restrictions. For example, the doctor will tell you that you can not drive the whole day after the colon cancer colonoscopy has been done. You may be also asked to avoid drinking alcohol until 24 hours after the intervention. If, within the 24 hours after the colonoscopy, you have chills, fever, excessive rectal bleeding, severe abdominal pain or bloating or swelling you should consult your doctor immediately. However, slow abdominal pain and bloating are expected after a colonoscopy, but if the pain persists something may be wrong.



Generally, the colonoscopy is a safe procedure and the appearance of a complication is not likely to happen. Anyway, like in every medical intervention, complications can appear especially if a polyp is removed during the intervention. Complications during a colonoscopy in searching for colon cancer tumors can include perforation, bleeding, bad reaction to anesthetic or an infection.

The colonoscopy is a very detailed exploration of the large intestine starting at the rectum and to the small intestine using a device as thin flexible tube called endoscope. The endoscope is equipped with a tiny camera and with a light source, which transmits images to a monitor. Starting with the age of 50 years old you should do a colonoscopy every year even if you do not present any of the colon cancer symptoms.

Colon cancer is one of the cancer related diseases that cause many deaths among people in the world. Colorectal cancer is the disease in which cells in the colon and rectum become abnormal and divide without control and order, forming a mass called a tumor cell. Tumors can be benign or malignant. Because this disease is formed in the first stage in the colon or rectum, a surgical intervention to remove the tumor can be performed. But, when the disease is evolved, and it affects other parts of the body, it is very difficult to treat and to cure. That is way early colon cancer detection is very important.
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Everybody should know the colon cancer sings and symptoms and also the colon cancer risk factors and have medical checks at the recommended time periods to be able to diagnose the disease before it becomes one of the most difficult to treat diseases. Colon cancer is one of the most treatable types of cancer, but only if it is discovered in the first stages. However, in most patients, colon cancer detection is made after the disease has already evolved, because most symptoms do not occur until the disease has reached one of the last stages of it evolution.



The main risk factors regarding colon cancer, which may contribute on this disease development, are:

• the individual age - people over the age of 50 are more likely to get colon cancer than younger people,


• smoking - people who have smoked most of their life have a greater risk in developing colon cancer,


• diet - a rich fat diet can increase the possibility of colon cancer diagnoses,


• the family medical history - unfortunately, if you had a colon cancer case in one of your first degree relatives, it increases your chances of getting also this disease,


• alcohol - drinking at least one glass of alcohol every day can also be on of the colon cancer risk factors

Colon cancer detection is usually made using some medical tests. Scanning tests are examinations that check for health problems before patients have any symptoms. Scanning tests are important because finding health problems in an early stage means that treatment will be successful. Scan tests for colon and colorectal cancers are used to detect cancer and polyps that can become cancerous and other diseases that are not normal. For those who have colon cancer, the diagnosis and treatment will begin early. One of the tests that can detect colon cancer is the analyze that searches for blood marks in the stool. A sigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy can also be done to detect colon cancer. The sigmoidoscopy is an examination of the rectum and lower colon and the colonoscopy is an examination of the rectum and entire colon.

Because the early detection of colon cancer is very important, today there are a serial of colon cancer tests that can detect the disease as soon at it had its first symptoms. The most common ones are colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, barium enema and biopsy
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The colonoscopy is the colon cancer test that provides the possibility of examining the colon using a flexible tube that has a camera and a light tied at on end. The camera is tied to a computer and so, with the inside scan that the colonoscope provides, the images can be seen on the computer screen by doctors. The colonoscope can also be used to take a biopsy sample from the inside tissue of the colon. The intervention can also remove polyps if there are found any, using a wire loop attachment on the colonoscope. This procedure can take for about one to two hours. After the intervention, patents can feel some pain, but if so they usually get medications. A colonoscopy every ten years is recommended for over 50 years old patients who have no special risk in getting colon cancer.



The sigmoidoscopy is the procedure in which the large intestine, rectum and sigmoid colon is examined using a tube with a lens and a light source on one end. The doctor looks form the other end of the scope to be able to see inside the colon and search for cancer, polyps, and other abnormal growths or evolutions. It takes about 15 to 30 minutes and it is recommended for individual over 50 years old to do one intervention every three to five years.

The barium enema or the lower gastrointestinal serial is a special type of X-ray that uses barium sulfate and air to outline the lining of the rectum and colon. The substance provides the possibility to see if abnormal growths have been developed inside the individual by appearing as dark silhouettes or patterns along the intestinal lining on the X-ray. The procedure takes for about 45 minutes and it is recommended once every five to ten years if colonoscopy is not performed at patients that have no special risk in getting colon cancer.



The biopsy is a procedure that requires the extraction of a small sample of cells or tissues that will then be examined under a microscope. The sample can be also taken in the colonoscopy procedure. The biopsy usually is used to diagnose cancer or estimate how far cancer has spread.

However, other new colon cancer tests like blood analyze and a simple stool samples are now more common and they can be effective in searching for abnormal cells. This will make, in the future, the detecting of colon cancer more easy because it will be done at simple annually analyzes and medical checks.

Other cancer forms can be described by their effects and their impacts upon the previous healthy body. We can talk about all sorts of other affections and disorders that were developed on a cancerous foundation. Myeloma is one infamous cancerous disease that begins in the immune system and has to power to impact all the proper and standard blood stream and circulation. It has some similarities with the lymphoma form of cancer. They both attack the white cells when it comes to the need of building up of the immune system and create some really visible damage to the body.
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Unfortunately all of the symptomatic states and the spread of the diseased cell layers that circulate through the body can encourage the development of even more cancerous affections that for many of them the notion of the cure is still a word written in some medical agendas.

The main fact that has to be kept in mind when talking about cancer and its cause lies somewhere behind the imbalances that occur in the cell layers and in their improper activity that once triggered can only progress in a negative manner. As we know by now the cell is defined as the brick of life, the one through organism that life revolves around. Its evolution permits life to develop. Its activity can define us, especially when all turn against the body.

A man’s body is build from a giant number of cellular organisms. All of these conglomerates of cells and cell structures that define us and create our whole tissues that protect the inner organs can spread and recreate in a fashion that is controlled by the body itself.

The cells work like this: every cell has a well defined responsibility, some of them repair the damaged tissue and the layers that cover all the inner vital organs or put the blood into circulation and  many others. The cells have a certain life span and the ones that are old and dyeing are rapidly replaced by new one, that are freshly divided and ready to substitute the responsibility.

Sometimes along the way, an unknown factor, even for the medical specialized doctors that still do researches in this field, triggers up and causes a wide cell division that are fresh and new but without a proper responsibility. Some elder cells do not die by the time the new one is ready to take its place, and so many new one remain without a job. So they gather around each other and create a mass of tissue inside an organ, this being called a cellular conglomerate. This conglomerate is called by the medical community a tumor.

A tumor can be either benign, when the affection and the whole cell conglomerate can be easily removed and has a ninety nine percent rate of never developing it again and the malignant type one, when other complication emerge and the treatment has to be carefully selected by  numerous other factors. As in many other cancerous form, prevention is much better than the effective treatment. So be aware!

How to detect an early cancer diagnose - If you know yourself that you have a high risk to develop colon cancer you have to go to a check up at least once even three months. Because colon cancer attacks very rapidly the nearby tissue and could extend even more and could affect some vital organs that the humans need in order to survive. Those people who are in higher risk than ordinary people are the ones who have family members who also suffered from any kind of cancer because cancer is to be known as hereditary.
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So if you’re known to be as a risk to develop this terrible disease so you just want to be extra careful you must learn the symptoms that could indicate the beginning of an early stage of colon cancer such as irregularities in your bowel system like constipation or diarrhea or if you’re feeling very full or bloated after a meal that is not very consistent or even if you feeling with a lot more less energy than the usually and lost of appetite and some weight gain or lost you must go immediately to your family doctor for extra screenings and test. An early detection could save your life.

Sometimes one of the symptoms to detect a colon cancer is blood in stool that has the color brown or black. Even if you don’t have this symptom you could also test your stool once every 6 months because it’s very easy and very important to find any abnormalities.

If you have over fifty years old is good to schedule a colonoscopy every 6 months and this is recommended also for the younger people who are known to be in a high risk to develop colon cancer. A colonoscopy shows the doctor your entire colon line and he could see if there are any abnormal growths. If he finds such any he will make a biopsy from one of the polyp and he will find out if it is benign or malign.

You can also try the new virtual colonoscopy that uses a CT scan to take something like a picture of your entire colon and so the doctor could check for every abnormalities growth in your system. If it is found such growths they can easily surgically remove and that could prevent a cancer to develop or even other such growths to appear.

Unfortunately a lot of people ignore the early symptoms that could save their lives and end up to the surgically table to late when the cancer has already reached the vital organs in their body. Even so the doctor will try to remove all the infected tissue that he can possible can without affect the patient’s life but after that he would have to deal with a long treatment of chemotherapy and the five rate survival for a stage 4 colon cancer are pretty slim approximately ten percent.